Alternate Names: Medications for pain; Drugs for pain; Analgesics

Information:
Question:
Are all pain medications alike?

Answer:
No. Pain medications (analgesics) vary considerably. Each pain medication has its advantages and risks. Specific types and causes of pain may respond better to one kind of pain medication than to another kind. In addition, each person is slightly different in the way they respond to a pain medication.

Over-the-counter medications are good for many types of pain. Acetaminophen (Tylenol, for example) is good for relieving pain and fever. It is less irritating to the stomach than other over-the-counter pain medications; and is safer for children. It can, however, be toxic to the liver in high doses. Aspirin, naproxen (such as Aleve), and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) are good for reducing inflammation caused by injury or arthritis. Ibuprofen is often good for menstrual pain and will also help reduce inflammation. However, they SHOULD NOT BE GIVEN TO CHILDREN EXCEPT UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE HEALTH CARE PROVIDER. These medications have been linked to Reye’s syndrome, necrotizing fasciitis ("flesh-eating bacteria"), and other problems when taken by children with viral infections.

Prescription medications may be needed for other types of pain. Non-narcotic and narcotic medications (narcotic analgesics - oral) have their specific uses and risks. (See the specific medication).

Other methods may help reduce pain (in addition to, or instead of, pain medications). This includes heat, cold, massage, resting or gentle use of the affected part, biofeedback, relaxation techniques, and many other measures.

Consult your health care provider if pain lasts longer than a few days, if over-the-counter pain medications are not helping reduce the pain, or if problems or other symptoms arise. A consultation with a pain clinic or other specialist may be helpful for control of long-term pain.